A Robust Approach for Image Segmentation using U-Net Model

Authors

  • M.Sweetline Sonia, A.Vijayalakshmi, N. Indhumathi Assistant Professor, Mahendra Engineering College, Namakkal, India Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15662/IJEETR.2026.0802177

Keywords:

U-Net, image segmentation, deep learning, medical imaging, convolutional neural networks, semantic segmentation, computer vision

Abstract

Image segmentation is a fundamental task in computer vision that involves partitioning an image into meaningful regions for analysis. This paper presents a deep learning-based approach for image segmentation using the U-Net architecture. The model employs an encoder-decoder structure with skip connections to effectively capture both spatial and contextual information. The input images are preprocessed and fed into the network, which learns to generate accurate segmentation masks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed U-Net model achieves improved segmentation performance with higher accuracy and reduced loss. The predicted outputs closely match the ground truth masks, indicating the effectiveness of the model in identifying object boundaries. The proposed approach can be applied to various applications such as medical imaging, object detection, and scene understanding.

References

1. J. Long, E. Shelhamer, and T. Darrell,“Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentation,” in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR), 2015, pp. 3431–3440.

2. O. Ronneberger, P. Fischer, and T. Brox, “U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Med. Image Comput. Comput.-Assist. Intervent. (MICCAI), 2015, pp. 234–241.

3. V. Badrinarayanan, A. Kendall, and R. Cipolla, “SegNet: A Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Image Segmentation,” IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 39, no. 12, pp. 2481–2495, 2017.

4. L.-C. Chen, G. Papandreou, I. Kokkinos, K. Murphy, and A. L. Yuille,“DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs,” IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 834–848, 2018.

5. H. Zhao, J. Shi, X. Qi, X. Wang, and J. Jia,“Pyramid Scene Parsing Network,”in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR), 2017, pp. 2881–2890.

6. F. Isensee, P. F. Jaeger, S. A. A. Kohl, J. Petersen, and K. H. Maier-Hein,“nnU-Net: Self-adapting Framework for U-Net-based Medical Image Segmentation,” 2018.

7. D. Jha, M. A. Riegler, D. Johansen, P. Halvorsen, and H. D. Johansen,“Double U-Net: A Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Medical Image Segmentation,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Multimedia (ISM), 2020.

8. Z. Wang, N. Zou, D. Shen, and S. Wang,“Non-Local U-Net for Biomedical Image Segmentation,”in Proc. AAAI Conf. Artif. Intell., 2020.

9. O. Oktay et al.,“Attention U-Net: Learning Where to Look for the Pancreas,” 2018.

10. Z. Zhou, M. M. R. Siddiquee, N. Tajbakhsh, and J. Liang,“U-Net++: A Nested U-Net Architecture for Medical Image Segmentation,”in Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis, 2018.

11. F. Milletari, N. Navab, and S.-A. Ahmadi,“V-Net: Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Volumetric Medical Image Segmentation,” in Proc. 3DV, 2016.

12. L.-C. Chen et al.,“Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation (DeepLabv3+),” in Proc. ECCV, 2018.

13. B. Li, Y. Zhang, and X. Chen,“Application of U-Net in CT Image Segmentation,”Pattern Recognit. Lett., vol. 157, pp. 1–8, 2022.

14. H. Yuan, Z. Li, and Q. Wang,“Improved DeepLabv3+ Model for Image Segmentation,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 12345–12355, 2022.

15. S. Minaee, Y. Boykov, F. Porikli, A. Plaza, N. Kehtarnavaz, and D. Terzopoulos, “Image Segmentation Using Deep Learning: A Survey,”IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 3523–3542, 2022.

16. Sudha, N., Kumar, S. S., Rengarajan, A., & Rao, K. B. (2021). Scrum Based Scaling Using Agile Method to Test Software Projects Using Artificial Neural Networks for Block Chain. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(4), 3711-3727.

17. Sugumar, R. (2025). Designing Resilient and Scalable Cloud-Native Frameworks for Generative AI Content Production. International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering, Technology and Management (IJRPETM), 8(6), 13268-13279.

18. Anbazhagan, K. (2025). AI Driven Zero Trust Security Model for Enterprise Data Protection and Intelligent Infrastructure Management. International Journal of Technology, Management and Humanities, 11(03), 101-107.

19. Gowtham, M. S., Ramkumar, M., Jamaesha, S. S., & Vigenesh, M. (2024). Artificial self-attention rabbits battle royale multiscale network based robust and secure data transmission in mobile Ad Hoc networks. Computers & Security, 142, 103889.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-28

How to Cite

A Robust Approach for Image Segmentation using U-Net Model. (2026). International Journal of Engineering & Extended Technologies Research (IJEETR), 8(2), 2059-2066. https://doi.org/10.15662/IJEETR.2026.0802177