Enhanced MPPT Control Strategy for Single Phase Grid Connected Power System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15662/IJEETR.2026.0802261Keywords:
Electric Vehicles, Solar Energy, Arduino Uno, EV Charging Infrastructure, Energy EfficiencyAbstract
Photovoltaic (PV) systems have become one of the most promising renewable energy technologies for sustainable electricity generation. However, the efficiency and output power of PV systems are highly dependent on environmental conditions such as solar irradiance and temperature variations. These factors cause continuous changes in the operating point of the PV array, making it difficult to maintain operation at the maximum power point (MPP). To address this challenge, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques are widely used to optimize energy extraction from PV systems.This project presents the hardware implementation of an improved MPPT control system for a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system. The proposed system employs a DC–DC boost converter integrated with a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)-based MPPT control algorithm. The controller dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the boost converter to ensure that the PV array consistently operates at or near its maximum power point, even under rapidly changing environmental conditions. Compared with conventional MPPT methods, the improved algorithm enhances tracking accuracy, reduces steady-state oscillations around the maximum power point, and provides faster response to irradiance changes. The DC power generated by the PV array and conditioned through the boost converter is then converted into AC power using a single-phase inverter. The inverter synchronizes the output with the utility grid, allowing efficient power injection while maintaining stable operation. For system monitoring and performance analysis, real-time measurements of PV voltage and current are obtained through sensors and displayed on an LCD interface, providing users with immediate feedback on system performance.
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves improved energy harvesting efficiency, faster MPPT response, and stable grid synchronization. Additionally, the design offers a cost-effective, reliable, and scalable solution suitable for residential and small-scale grid-connected photovoltaic applications. By improving power extraction and system stability, the proposed MPPT control approach contributes to enhanced utilization of solar energy and supports the broader integration of renewable energy sources into modern power grids.
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