Blockchain-Enabled Multi-Layer Security Model for Cloud Data Protection

Abstract

Cloud data environments face escalating threats such as unauthorized access, data tampering, and breaches. In response, this study proposes a Blockchain-Enabled Multi-Layer Security Model for robust cloud data protection. The model harnesses decentralized blockchain integrity, attribute-based fine-grained access control, and layered encryption to establish a multi-tiered defense. Specifically, our architecture integrates Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) with a permissioned blockchain to enforce confidentiality and immutability, alongside decentralized storage techniques. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that combining ABE and blockchain enables secure, verifiable access while maintaining performance within acceptable bounds. Comparative experiments reveal that our scheme achieves efficient key generation, encryption, and search operations. Performance metrics indicate execution times that are competitive with existing baseline models. Furthermore, experiments employing multi-authority ABE and privacy-preserving logging show improved resilience against unauthorized key usage and policy leakage. The results substantiate that the proposed model significantly strengthens data protection without incurring prohibitive computational overhead. In summary, this 2023 study introduces a novel multi-layer blockchain security model tailored for cloud data protection, combining decentralized governance, fine-grained access control, and layered encryption to deter threats while preserving operational efficiency.