ESP-32 Quadx Drone
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15662/IJEETR.2026.0802459Keywords:
ESP32, Quadcopter Drone, IoT-Based Monitoring, Aquatic Waste Management, Ultrasonic Sensor, Automated Waste Collection, Wireless CommunicationAbstract
The proposed drone system is controlled wirelessly using the built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities of the ESP32 microcontroller. This eliminates the need for additional communication hardware, thereby reducing system complexity and cost. The drone can be operated manually through a mobile application or a web-based interface, allowing the user to control its movement in real time. This approach provides a flexible and user friendly method for interacting with the system. In this design, the ESP32 acts as the main control unit, responsible for generating Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals to regulate the speed of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors through Electronic Speed Controllers (ESCs). By varying the speed of individual motors, the drone achieves lift and directional movement.
The system architecture is intentionally kept simple to highlight the core principles of drone operation, including motor control, wireless communication, and basic flight mechanics. One of the key advantages of this model is the significant reduction in hThis makes the system highly suitable for academic environments, laboratory experiments, and prototype development, where affordability and simplicity are essential factors. Furthermore, this project provides fundamental knowledge about drone architecture, embedded system design, and wireless control mechanisms.
It serves as a practical learning platform for students to understand how UAV systems work at a basic level without the complexity of advanced technologies. The outcome of this project demonstrates that a functional drone can be successfully developed using minimal components while still achieving essential flight control capabilities.
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